Researchers are exploring 2D materials like graphene, which offer unique properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, strength, and transparency. Discovered in 2004, graphene consists of a single layer of carbon atoms. Other 2D materials, like borophene and goldene, are also being studied. These materials have potential applications in superconductors, semiconductors, and biotechnology. Challenges include large-scale manufacturing and integration with other materials. Companies like Veeco and Graphene Manufacturing Group are advancing production technologies and applications for these materials.
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