Researchers at the University of Copenhagen and the UGC-DAE Consortium in India have discovered how active particles, resembling swimming bacteria, reorganize 3D colloidal gels into denser, porous structures. Using simulations and a novel analytical method called Topological Data Analysis (TDA), they showed that these particles inject energy into the gel, dynamically reshaping it into a compact yet permeable form. Unlike 2D systems where spaces trap particles, 3D gels create interconnected pathways, facilitating particle movement. This research advances understanding of adaptable materials, with potential applications in biodegradation, contamination prevention, and bacterial infection management. The findings could lead to improved models for biological and engineered systems.
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